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welcome to the blog based largely on the book of the same name, the blog is a kind of trailer for it and the primary source material it contains. an invitation, you might say … to eavesdrop on the lives of women writing 250 years ago … to become acquainted with 144 little-known but amazingly articulate chroniclers … and to discover a valuable new perspective on the revolutionary era. the women featured lived between 1765 and 1799. but once you attune your ears to their way of writing, their voices easily leapfrog across the centuries. read just a few sentences and you’ll find yourself back in time, entering their concerns, sharing their feelings. and what they have to say is always fascinating, often eye-opening, sometimes heart-rending. please bookmark the blog and visit regularly to see which writers and issues are being featured. there are two new posts weekly: on monday and thursday. and do explore those related to the many topics listed on the right. in addition to posts based on the book, others introduce the writings of women who didn’t make it into the book or who turn up as a result of ongoing research. to subscribe via email, click here . leave a comment. email a question. and enjoy your visits. “sort of a little biography” a couple of months ago there was an article in my local paper that described a situation in a nearby middle school. the social studies teacher had included creating a newspaper advertisement for a runaway slave as one of the independent activities available to students for extra credit. several parents objected and the principal ordered the teacher to remove the project from the list. as a former high school teacher of social studies (not in the district referred to) i found myself conflicted. i would really appreciate comments from readers about whether you think such a project is appropriate and acceptable. some context: from a historian’s point of view it has been very difficult to find primary sources in connection with the slave population. clothing is not likely to exist as it was usually worn out and discarded. written accounts by enslaved workers in colonial america and later in the united states are rare. few slaves could read or write; teaching them to do so was a crime in several states. references in plantation account books were usually limited to the sex and age of the slave, perhaps the name, date of acquisition, and the purchase or sale price. census listings were equally limited. there are precious few details about how enslaved workers looked and dressed, what their lives were like, what skills they possessed. ironically ads for runaway slaves often provide answers to these questions because owners not only posted a reward for the return of the “absconded,” a word that was commonly used, but often provided a description of the runaway: color, height and stature, clothing worn and other information. historians have been working to create archives of advertisements for runaway slaves. joshua rothman, a historian at the university of alabama has said: “they [owners] wanted to provide as much detail about their appearance, their life story, how they carried themselves, what they were wearing . . . each one of these things [ads for runaway slaves] is sort of a little biography.” transcription of the ad: new london, may 16, 1768. stolen or run-away from the subscriber, on the 14th instant (of may), a negro woman named sobiner, between 30 and 40 years of age, of a slender body, and middling stature, talks good english, and can read well; carried off with her one homespun check’d woolen gown, one blue and white striped linen ditto, two linen shirts, and one woolen ditto, three check’d aprons, two or three pair woolen stockings, one quilted coat, one side brown, the other striped, a red short cloak, a chipt hatt, a pair white woolen mittins, a cambric handkerchief, several caps, and sundry other articles. whoever takes up and secures said negro, so that her mistress may have her again, shall receive four dollars reward, if found within twenty miles of this place, and five dollars if further, and all necessary charges paid by lucretia procter. n.b. all persons are forbid entertaining or concealing said negro under penalty of the law. i chose the ad above because it was placed in a connecticut newspaper and shows that slavery was more common in the north than we are likely to admit. and i believe that the list of particular clothing in the ad for sobiner is due to the fact that the slave owner was a woman. back to the use of runaway ads in the social studies curriculum. while readers may have mixed feelings about a student-created ad as a project, i hope that there would be little objection to a teacher’s using several ads as a topic for discussion and critical evaluation in class. students could look up the numbers of runaways, discuss motives, the risks involved, destinations, penalties for those who helped them, the likelihood of capture, etc. and they could evaluate the ads as primary sources of information: are they accurate, representative, useful, historically significant? this site is the source for the quotation and provides information on this subject as does this site . the above ad is one of the many compiled for a project by students at wesleyan. posted august 27th, 2018 by janet, comments (2) , categories: clothes , connecticut , lesson plans , research , runaway slaves -- a selection of samplers in the 18th century girls at a very young age made samplers which served not only to master stitches but also to learn numbers and the letters of the alphabet and to reinforce religious beliefs and ideas of proper behavior. elizabeth rhodes of rhode island made this sampler during the decade 1770-1780. simple in design, it features the alphabet and numbers from one to ten, and includes her initials. she used a cross stitch on linen fabric. (courtesy of the rhode island historical society.) martha gray. who lived in philadelphia, was between seven and nine years old when she created the beautiful sampler on the right (1779). she used wool thread in cross and tent stitches on open hole canvas, not woven fabric. quite an accomplishment for one so young. (credit: daughters of the american republic museum.) in 1789, hester vanderburgh of new rochelle, new york made the above sampler with a religious motif. pictured in a domestic setting that includes a house; two trees, one of which is laden with apples; birds; a dog and a deer; are two figures most likely intended to portray adam and eve. the twelve-year-old girl used silk thread worked in a cross stitch. (in the dar museum.) betsey chase, in 1789, using cotton thread worked in a cross stitch on linen fabric, copied a verse intended to remind her of her mortality. on the top and bottom is the alphabet. the words in the center are “betsey chase age ten years now in the bloom of youth prepare for death.” nice thought!! no information about where she lived. (at the rhode island historical society) see other samplers here . posted august 16th, 2018 by janet, comments (0) , categories: art , children , samplers -- embroidery one of the accomplishments expected of proper young girls was skill with a needle. from an early age they applied themselves either in school or under the direction of a female family member. below are some examples of their embroidery. not , but this time in the hands of women. this beautiful piece of embroidery was made by sarah wistar, a quaker girl from philadelphia, in 1752 when she was between 13 and 15 years old. the flowering tree and the bird are obvious. look for the rabbit under the tree. owned by winterthur. sarah derby from salem, massachusetts, embroidered this silk and paint landscape triptych some time between 1763-1766 at the age 19 or 20. owned by winterthur. ann flower, from philadelphia, embroidered the gorgeous coat of arms (on the right) in 1763 when she was 19 or 20 years old. owned by winterthur. rachel thaxter of hingha
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